Effect of diabetes mellitus on orthodontic tooth movement in a rat model

The objective of this study was to observe bone response in terms ofosteoclast count and orthodontic tooth movement under optimal orthodontic force in diabetic and normoglycemic rat model. This experimental study was conducted at Animal House and Histopathology Department, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Duration of study was June 2013 December 2013. 44 male wistar rats were included in the study and equally divided into two groups; group 1 [Normoglcemic or NG group] and Group 2 [Experimental Diabetic or EDB group]. Type-1 diabetes mellitus was induced by injecting streptozotocin [STZ] in EDB group. Citrate buffer solution was injected in NG group. Maxillary right first molar was moved mesially by applying 10 cN force using closed coil spring. All rats were euthanized on the 21st day after placement of the appliance. The orthodontic tooth movement was recorded by digital vernier caliper. Maxillae of the rats were dissected along with the molar teeth. Serial transverse sections of each maxilla in the interradicular bone at furcation area of first molar distobuccal root of control and appliance side were obtained for quantification of osteoclasts by histomorphometric study. Results showed that mean osteoclast count was significantly more in EDB group as compared to NG group, while no osteoclast was found on the non-appliance control side of both groups. Mean orthodontic tooth movement of rats in EDB group was significantly higher than NG group. It was concluded that Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus result in greater orthodontic tooth movement and increased osteoclasts as compared to normal subjects

Comparison between ibuprofen and chewing gum for orthodontic pain control

Pain is common experience in orthodontic patients that begins two hours after force application and reaches peak at 24 hours, then lasts for 5 to 7 days. The objective of this study was to compare the decrease in pain score with ibuprofen and chewing gums in orthodontic pain control during the first week after initial arch wire placement. This study was conducted at de,Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore, from April 2014 to October 2014. 250 patients with age range of 12 to 16 years of both sex were selected and divided in to ibuprofen and chewing gum groups [125 each group] using random number table. The patients in each group received pain control 24 hours after initial arch wire insertion and then at 8-hour interval till 7th day. Patients were asked to complete a Visual Analog Scale [VAS] Questionnaire, at 24 hours after arch wire insertion, then at 24 hours, and 7th day. Two-way ANOVA was used for analyzing significance of mean decrease in VAS between two groups. Results showed that decrease in pain score for ibuprofen group; baseline to 24 hours was 2.35 +/- 1.36 which was significantly lower than decrease in pain score for chewing gum group 3.34 +/- 1.34. At 7th day, ibuprofen group showed decrease in pain score as 4.07 +/- 1.43 which was significantly lower than decrease in pain score of 5.86 +/- 1.56 for chewing gum group. This was concluded that chewing gums showed more decrease in pain score for orthodontic patients as compared to ibuprofen

Impact of malocclusion on quality of life in a group of adults

Malocclusion has a negative impact on oral health related quality of life. Orthodontists in routine have focused on the clinical-centred measures of outcome for orthodontic treatment, but now, attention to patient-based assessment has greatly increased in dental research. The purpose of study was to determine oral health-related quality of life in adults with mal-occlusion and its relationship with perceived oral health status and satisfaction. This crossectional study was conducted at orthodontics department, de'Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore from January 2015 to May 2015. The sample comprised of 100 adults [34 males and 66 females] with age range of 18 - 25 years and willing to participate in the study. The oral examination was done by three examiners to assess severity of malocclusion according to Dental Aesthetic Index [DAI]. Information regarding oral health-related quality of life was collected by using a self-administered questionnaire. The results of study showed that males have highest Oral Health Impact Profile related to psychological problems followed by social and physical impacts whereas in females the highest impact profile was observed on social impacts followed by physical and psychological impacts. Body Satisfactory Scale was almost double in females as compared to males. Mean values from grade 1 to IV DAI for females were non- significantly increased as compared to males. It was concluded that most common Oral Health Impact Profile of malocclusion was psychological and social followed by physical discomfort in males whereas females show highest impact profile on social followed by physical and psychological impacts

Correlation between curve of spee and vertical eruption of anterior or posterior teeth in class-II division imalocclusion

The objective of this crossectional study was to relate the depth of curve of Spee to the eruption of anterior or posterior teeth quantitatively, and to determine whether the depth of the Curve of Spee is affected by the vertical eruption of anterior or posterior teeth. The study was conducted at Department of Orthodontics, de'Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore; in which two hundred fifty lateral cephalograms and models of untreated Class II Division 1 malocclusion patients [127 boys, mean age: 15.4 +/- 1.4 years; 123 girls, mean age: 17.1 +/- 1.8 years] were included. The depth of the Curve of Spee was measured on lateral cephalograms as perpendicular distance from incisal tip of the mandibular central incisor to the mandibular plane [L1-MP], distobuccal cusp tip of the mandibular second molar [M7-MP] to the mandibular plane, the deepest point of the Curve of Spee to the mandibular plane [S-MP], and proportioned with each other. Right and left side Curve of Spee was measured on models. Results showed that the mesiobuccal cusp of the first molar was the deepest part of the Curve of Spee, and eruption of mandibular molars [M7-MP/S-MP] was more significantly related to depth of Curve of Spee as compared to eruption of mandibular incisors [L1-MP/S-MP]. There was no significant difference between Right and left side Curve of Spee. It was concluded that vertical eruption of the posterior teeth made a significant effect on the depth of the Curve of Spee in Class II Division I malocclusion patients